PHP string concatation

   $str1 = 'This ';
   $str2 = 'is a ';
   $str3 = 'test string';
 
   $full = $str1.$str2.$str3;
 
   echo $full;
?>

PHP string compare

   $str1 = "Test";
   $str2 = "Test";
 
   if ($str1 == "Test")  echo "OK-1";
   if ($str1 == $str2)   echo "OK-2";
?>

Shortcut command to Restart / Shutdown windows

XP : Click start -> Click "Run" -> Write : cmd
Vista, 7 : Click start -> Write : cmd

Then :

For a shortcut to RESTART Windows :
SHUTDOWN -r -t 01

For a shortcut to SHUT DOWN Windows :
SHUTDOWN -s -t 01

enable content search in windows

Content-searching can allow you to search files by what is contained within the file rather than the file-name. By default, Windows only search file names for locations that are unindexed, which can often bring frustration upon users who have Search Indexing disabled. By enabling content-searching, those who often forget filenames but remember the contents within a file can make their searching much more efficient.

Re-enabling content-searching is very simple. First, you want to access your folder options from the Tools menu. If you don’t have the top navigation bar enabled by default, just press Alt.

Click on the Search tab above to access your Search Functions. Below is a picture of the default search settings. Simply check the second button, “Always search file names and contents” to re-enable content searching. If you’re working with system files, you might also want to check the Include System Directories box below.

source : http://www.vistarewired.com/2007/03/17/how-to-search-files-by-content-data

Split screen, Notepad++

To split the screen in Notepad++ you have to right-click on the tab
with the current document and select "Clone to another view". The
screenshot at the following page explains how to switch between
horizontally and vertically split screens.

http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/commun/screenshots/scrsh_rotate.gif

This page explains how Notepad++ can be integrated with Stata similar
to the built-in Do-File Editor:

http://huebler.info/2008/20080427-stata.html

thanks to Friedrich

Tricks to make old Addons work on Firefox 3.5 or higher

The trick is to add some configurations in Firefox settings. All the changes you make from here on are done at your own risk. Do revert the settings if something goes wrong.

1. Type about:config address bar of Firefox browser and hit enter. It will give you a warning. Just click the button “I’ll be careful, I promise!” and proceed…
   
2. It will show a huge list of values. Now, right click any where in the free white-space on the screen and click on New –> Boolean, then name the Boolean as checkCompatibility – make it false in the next step.
3. again right click and click on New -> Boolean and name as checkUpdateSecurity and choose false.
4. After doing this changes to get the changes applied, Restart the Firefox browser. Now install the addon that was not supported or compatible by Firefox 3.5 and install it.
5. Restart the Firefox browser once again. Now, the not compatible addon will work with Firefox 3.4

Hope you liked this trick.

Thanks to Blogote

Funny !!!

valgrind: the 'impossible' happened:
Killed by fatal signal
==4660== at 0x3802088D: vgPlain_arena_malloc (m_mallocfree.c:190)
==4660== by 0x38035516: vgPlain_cli_malloc (replacemalloc_core.c:101)
==4660== by 0x380022F5: vgMemCheck_malloc (mc_malloc_wrappers.c:182)
==4660== by 0x38035BA7: do_client_request (scheduler.c:1158)
==4660== by 0x380372B1: vgPlain_scheduler (scheduler.c:869)
==4660== by 0x38051B59: run_a_thread_NORETURN (syswrap-linux.c:87)

sched status:
running_tid=1

Thread 1: status = VgTs_Runnable
==4660== at 0x4A05809: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:149)
==4660== by 0x4030B0: _readTime (commands.c:676)
==4660== by 0x402124: _processReceivedData (commands.c:361)
==4660== by 0x401EEC: _performReceive (commands.c:322)
==4660== by 0x401809: _performCommand (commands.c:225)
==4660== by 0x401340: commandCenter (commands.c:163)
==4660== by 0x400D39: main (Hj1.c:63)

strlen @ C

Take care of bastard, strlen in C does not take the last ending sign.

DESCRIPTION
The strlen() function calculates the length of the string
s, not including the terminating '\0' character.

Jump to line number n

:n ---> Jump to line number n. For example, to jump to line 42, you'd type :42

Controlling Ctrl^C for quiting program, C programing

If you want Ctrl^C, not to jump out of program right away and give you a chance to save stuffs and get a backup here is the C code for it :

#include
#include
#include


void exit_program(int sig) {
printf("Wake up call ... !!! - Catched signal: %d ... !!\n", sig);
/* DO YOUR STUFFS BEFOR QUITING, if you dont want to wait for the 2nd
Ctrl^C from user you can just have the next commented line :*/
//exit(0);
(void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);//You need 2nd Ctrl^C to quit
}

int main(void) {
(void) signal(SIGINT, exit_program);
/* waits to read your signal(first Ctrl^C) while running rest of your code, on
Ctrl^C pressed will jump to exit_program method*/

while(1)
printf("I wanna catch Ctrl + C\n"), sleep(1);

return 0;
}

Giving your screen session a name

You can use screen -S name or (inside running session) - Ctrl+A :sessionname name

Vim/Vi command sheet

Cursor movement

• h - move left
• j - move down
• k - move up
• l - move right
• w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
• W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
• e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
• E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
• b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
• B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
• 0 - (zero) start of line
• ^ - first non-blank character of line
• $ - end of line
• G - Go To command (prefix with number - 5G goes to line 5)

Note: Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example, 4j moves down 4 lines.

Insert Mode - Inserting/Appending text

• i - start insert mode at cursor
• I - insert at the beginning of the line
• a - append after the cursor
• A - append at the end of the line
• o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
• O - open blank line above current line
• ea - append at end of word
• Esc - exit insert mode

Editing

• r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
• J - join line below to the current one
• cc - change (replace) an entire line
• cw - change (replace) to the end of word
• c$ - change (replace) to the end of line
• s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text
• S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
• xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
• u - undo
• . - repeat last command

Marking text (visual mode)

• v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
• V - start Linewise visual mode
• o - move to other end of marked area
• Ctrl+v - start visual block mode
• O - move to Other corner of block
• aw - mark a word
• ab - a () block (with braces)
• aB - a {} block (with brackets)
• ib - inner () block
• iB - inner {} block
• Esc - exit visual mode

Visual commands

• > - shift right
• < - shift left
• y - yank (copy) marked text
• d - delete marked text
• ~ - switch case

Cut and Paste

• yy - yank (copy) a line
• 2yy - yank 2 lines
• yw - yank word
• y$ - yank to end of line
• p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
• P - put (paste) before cursor
• dd - delete (cut) a line
• dw - delete (cut) the current word
• x - delete (cut) current character

Exiting

• :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
• :wq - write (save) and quit
• :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
• :q! - quit and throw away changes

Search/Replace

• /pattern - search for pattern
• ?pattern - search backward for pattern
• n - repeat search in same direction
• N - repeat search in opposite direction
• :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
• :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations

Working with multiple files

• :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
• :bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
• :bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer
• :bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
• :sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window
• ctrl+ws - Split windows
• ctrl+ww - switch between windows
• ctrl+wq - Quit a window
• ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically

Source : http://www.worldtimzone.com/res/vi.html

Write an array to file in C

int backItUp(){
FILE * hFile;
//************************
char *_fileName;
_fileName = getenv("USER");
char buffer[200];
struct timeval tv;
time_t curtime;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
curtime=tv.tv_sec;
strftime(buffer,30,"%Y%m%d_%H%M",localtime(&curtime));
//"%m-%d-%Y %T"
strcat(_fileName,"_");
strcat(_fileName,buffer);
strcat(_fileName,".bak");
//*******************************
hFile = fopen( _fileName, "w");
if (hFile == NULL){
// Error, file not found
printf("*** Failed to open the file ***\n");
return FAILED;
}//end of if
else{
// Process & close file
int nWritten = fwrite(message, sizeof(SmsDBase), 200, hFile);
printf("*** Taking backup ***\n");
fclose(hFile);
}//end of else
return SUCCESS;
}//end of backItUp()

int readItUp(){
FILE * hFile;
hFile = fopen( ___fileName, "r");
if (hFile == NULL){
// Error, file not found
printf("*** Failed to open the file ***\n");
return FAILED;
}//end of if
else{
// Process & close file
int nRead = fread(message, sizeof(SmsDBase), 200, hFile);
fclose(hFile);
}//end of else
return SUCCESS;
}//end of _readItUp()

list of Vim commands

The list of Vim commands :

http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html

copying folder in Linux / Unix terminal

cp -r /original/dir /copied/dir

Saving and quiting at Vim

If like me you wonder how the hell to write in Vim, make sure you are in the insert mode(The mode that you can actually write). You can do that by pressing i.

After finishing, you are supposed to save what you have written. So you press Esc button and then write :w. Then you can simply write :q to quit.

Pay attention that you can write commands(:w, :q, ...) in the command line and you can go to command line by pressing Esc button in Vim.

Good luck, it is a powerful editor, but as me, you got a long way a head to learn how to work with it.

Showing Line Number while editing a file in Vi or Vim

While editing a document at Unix/Linux, press Esc button type

:set number

to have line numbers beside your editor. If you are tired of line numbers, enter the following to turn them off:

:set nonumber

Crazy about old games ? Try DosBox

DOSBox is an emulator which emulates an IBM PC compatible computer running MS-DOS. It is intended especially for use with old PC games. DOSBox is free software.

instanceof example in Java

public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] a) {

String s = "Hello";
if (s instanceof java.lang.String) {
System.out.println("is a String");
}
}

}

Installing Windows 7 from USB Drive

This guide works 100% for Vista & Windows 7 unlike most of the guides out there. I have seen many sites/blogs that have “Install Vista from USB guide” but either with incomplete steps or not working guide. I have also seen some guides that don’t’ use proper commands in this guide. After spending many hours I have come up with this 100% working guide.

I just did this method on one of my friends machine and installed the new Windows 7 BETA. The main advantage is that by using USB drive you will be able to install Windows 7/Vista in just 15 minutes. You can also use this bootable USB drive on friend’s computer who doesn’t have a DVD optical drive.

The method is very simple and you can use without any hassles. Needless to say that your motherboard should support USB Boot feature to make use of the bootable USB drive.

Requirements:

*USB Flash Drive (Minimum 4GB)

*Windows 7 or Vista installation files.

Follow the below steps to create bootable Windows 7/Vista USB drive using which you can install Windows 7/Vista easily.

1. Plug-in your USB flash drive to USB port and move all the contents from USB drive to a safe location on your system.

2. Open Command Prompt with admin rights. Use any of the below methods to open Command Prompt with admin rights.

*Type cmd in Start menu search box and hit Ctrl+ Shift+ Enter.

Or

*Go to Start menu > All programs > Accessories, right click on Command Prompt and select Run as administrator.

3. You need to know about the USB drive a little bit. Type in the following commands in the command prompt:

First type DISKPART and hit enter to see the below message.

Next type LIST DISK command and note down the Disk number (ex: Disk 1) of your USB flash drive. In the below screenshot my Flash Drive Disk no is Disk 1.

4. Next type all the below commands one by one. Here I assume that your disk drive no is “Disk 1”.If you have Disk 2 as your USB flash drive then use Disk 2.Refer the above step to confirm it.

So below are the commands you need to type and execute one by one:

SELECT DISK 1

CLEAN

CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY

SELECT PARTITION 1

ACTIVE

FORMAT FS=NTFS

(Format process may take few seconds)

ASSIGN

EXIT

Don’t close the command prompt as we need to execute one more command at the next step. Just minimize it.

5. Next insert your Windows7/Vista DVD into the optical drive and check the drive letter of the DVD drive. In this guide I will assume that your DVD drive letter is “D” and USB drive letter is “H” (open my computer to know about it).

6. Maximize the minimized Command Prompt in the 4th step.Type the following command now:

D:CD BOOT and hit enter.Where “D” is your DVD drive letter.

CD BOOT and hit enter to see the below message.

7. Type another command given below to update the USB drive with BOOTMGR compatible code.

BOOTSECT.EXE/NT60 H:

Where “H” is your USB drive letter. Once you enter the above command you will see the below message. You might face an error – Access Denied for no priviledge in copying the bootsector to device. Solution to this is to just Exit the Command Prompt and Run it again (still need to Run as Administrator).

8. Copy your Windows 7/Vista DVD contents to the USB flash drive.

9. Your USB drive is ready to boot and install Windows 7/Vista. Only thing you need to change the boot priority at the BIOS to USB from the HDD or CD ROM drive. I won’t explain it as it’s just the matter the changing the boot priority or enabling the USB boot option in the BIOS.

Note: If you are not able to boot after following this guide means you haven’t set the BIOS priority to USB. If you got any problem in following this guide feel free to ask questions by leaving comment.

*** Main article taken from Source, but modified.